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People have been making jewelry and artwork out of turquoise for over 7000 years. The old civilizations on earth, the Egyptians, the Mespotamians and Ancient Chinese used turquoise to adorn their emperors and kings. They placed turquoise art and jewelry in the burial sites so their leaders would be protected in their journey into the afterlife.
The world's turquoise comes from what is now Afghanistan, Iran and Iraq, China and Tibet and the United States. There are also turquoise deposits in parts of Australia and northern Africa but generally speaking, all of the jewelry-quality turquoise we see today is from the Middle East, China and the United States.
Turquoise from the United States comes from mines in Arizona, New Mexico and Nevada as well as some smaller locations in Colorado, Utah, Texas and a few other states. By and large the mines in America have either run completely dry or are producing the last amounts. Some of the most recognizable turquoise mines are Kingman, Bissbee and Sleeping Beauty.
Middle Eastern turquoise, or Persian Turquoise, is regarded by many to be the finest and rarest turquoise in the world. Known for it's almost flawless sky blue color, most of the production in this region has completely ended, though there are some mines still producing very small amounts each year. Turquoise from this region dates back to the beginnings of western civilization. Egyptian and Mesopotamians carved sculptures, made jewelry and burried their leaders with the beautiful stones they would uncover.
Turquoise from China and Tibet accounts for almost 80% of the jewelry quality turquoise in the world today. Mostly concentrated in the southern provinces of Hubai and Anhui, turquoise found in China ranges from light shades of blue, similar to that of the Kingman or Sleeping Beauty mines to dark green, similar to that which is found in Nevada. The unique "spider web" matrix turquoise that ranges in color from blue to green is unique to these provinces. Some of the earliest works of art, going back as far as 1700 BC are carved from gorgeous turquoise from the Hubai province.
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